Which two parts of a nucleotide are connected by a glycosidic bond

1. Which two parts of a nucleotide are connected by a glycosidic bond? (5 pt) U yn
2A: What is the name of the following molecule? (5 pt) AY
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2B: What are two major reaction pathways that use this molecule? (10 pt)

3A: Which purine salvage enzyme is defective in patients with gout? (5 pt)

3B: What is the metabolic explanation for why deficiency in this enzyme causes gout? (5 pt)

4. In the paper by Avery, MacLeod and McCarty, what was the effect on transforming activity of: l,
A: digestion of the transforming material by protease? (5 pt) ) fey
B: digestion of the transforming material that reduced viscosity? (5 pt) A)
C: extraction of the transforming material by chloroform? (5 pt) 3. oY

5. Why do Chargaff’s rules only apply to double stranded DNA and not single stranded DNA or
RNA? (5 pt) 5

6. Use the linking number equation (L = T + W) to explain why negatively supercoiled DNA can
be topologically interconverted with cruciform DNA or Z-DNA. (6 pt)

7A: You have cloned a cDNA in the polylinker of a plasmid cloning vector. What are two ways
you could isolate the cDNA from the vector? (5 pt)

B: How could you use the cDNA to identify a genomic clone for the same gene? (5 pt)

C: You have successfully isolated what you believe to be the correct genomic clone. How could
you use Southern blotting to prove that the structure of the genomic clone has not become

rearranged or scrambled during cloning in bacteria? (5 pt)

8A: What is happening during each of the three steps of one ‘cycle’ of a PCR experiment? (9 pt)
8B: Does the student need to change any conditions of the PCR experiment in order to use a

primer with a 2 base mismatch to the template at its center? Why? (5 pt)
8C: Does the student need to change any conditions of the PCR experiment to add a six base

restriction site sequence on to the 5’ end of one PCR primer. Why? (5 pt)

9 A c G T
—_ ») A: What is the 5′ > 3′ nucleotide sequence of this DNA? (5 pt)
10 na B: Explain in molecular terms why there are multiple bands in
i a | each lane of the gel? (5 pt)
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