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The role of international, national, nongovernmental organizations, military and other humanitarian actors during complex emergencies include mitigation and prevention when possible, conducting coordinated needs and risk assessments of affected populations, the coordination of supplies and services according to those assessments, and the protection of civilians and those providing humanitarian aid (Merson, et al., 2019). The United Nations security council largely determines the timing and nature of response to complex emergencies, while its associated offices and agencies help to coordinate relief efforts and the protection of refugees and those providing assistance in conflict areas (Merson, et al., 2019, p. 1377). With regard to armed conflict, the International Committee of the Red Cross is required to protect civilian populations, as per the Geneva Conventions. These organizations additionally coordinate funding, data/information sharing, human rights advocacy efforts, and humanitarian aid with countless governmental and nongovernmental organizations, such as the CDC, WHO, Médecins sans Frontières, advocacy groups, national relief commissions, and local churches and community organizations (Merson, et al., 2019, pp. 1379-1381).