Explain why Puck and JoJo need to rely on statistical significance testing rather than rely just on the averages.

Learning Goal: I’m working on a data analytics test / quiz prep and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

I need answers to these short answer questions:

1. Compare and contrast open-ended and fixed-alternative (closed-ended) survey questions and give an example of each type

2.What is the difference between a type I and a type II error and please give an example of each.

3.What is a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and when is it the appropriate statistical technique? Give an example of a research question that can be analyzed using ANOVA.

4.At JoJo’s donuts, JoJo and Puck are looking at the data from last year’s sales in their two store locations, the home store and satellite store. JoJo took a random sample of 50 daily sales totals from last year at each store.

Look, JoJo said, looking at the average sales for each store. “The satellite store has more sales on average than the home store. They are by far the better performer than the home store.”

“Wait,” said Puck. “We do not know that unless we run a test of statistical significance comparing the two stores.”

Explain why Puck and JoJo need to rely on statistical significance testing rather than rely just on the averages.

5.You believe that there is a statistically significant relationship between both years of education and years of experience on a person’s pay. You interview the first five people you meet on the street about the number of years of experience and education levels that these five people possess and their pay levels. You then conduct a regression using this data to see if there is a positive and significant relationship between these two independent variables and your dependent variable.

You find a statistically insignificant relationship between both education and experience on pay. The p value for education is .74 and the p value for experience is .46.

Based on the results of your study how confident would you be in asserting to our class that your study strongly suggests there is little relationship between a person’s education and experience on their pay in the overall population. What factors would make you feel that way?

6.You and your classmates are attending a seminar discussing the findings of four different research teams. Each of the research teams has researched the relationship between one or more human resource practices such as pay and training practices and employee turnover. Each of the research teams has created and administered their own quantitative survey to a unique group of individuals that they have selected to study these human resource practices and their relationship with employee turnover. Below are the research findings of each of the four research teams:

One group found no relationship between monetary rewards and turnover.

A second group’s results supported the view that monetary rewards were associated with reduced turnover.

A third group examining employee turnover found that some work practices such as effective training were associated with lower turnover.

Finally another group did not find any relationship between any work practices and turnover.

How would you explain these conflicting findings to your classmates from the different research presentations on employment practices and turnover so that it would make sense to them?